Books and Documents

AMEDD Corps History

Contents  

FRONT PICTURE: Brigadier General Raymond A. Kelser
FOREWORD 
PREFACE

I.    Evolution of Military Veterinary Medicine, 1775-1916

II.   Development of the Army Veterinary Service, 1916-1940
                Legislation and Major Administrative Directives
                Administration and Organization
                Personnel
                Training and Instructional Services
                Equipment and Supplies  

III.   Mission and Administration 
                Mission and Responsibilities 
                Administration

IV.   Personnel 
                Composition of the Veterinary Corps 
                Veterinary Officer Procurement 
                Personnel Matters 
                Veterinary Enlisted Men 

V.    Training and Instructional Services 
                Training Veterinary Officers 
                Training Veterinary Enlisted Personnel
                Unit Training 
                Instructional Services 

VI.   Supply and Equipment
                Medical Department Procurement and Distribution
                Medical Department Supply Items
                Non-Medical Department Supply and Equipment
                Oversea Supply 

VII.  Functional Organization in the Zone of Interior
                War Department Organization
                Relationship Within the Army Service Forces
                Role of Personnel Assigned to the Technical Services
                Role of Personnel Assigned to Service Commands  

VIII. Functional Organization in Theater and Minor Commands
                Veterinary Service of Field Units 
                Typical Theater Veterinary Service Organization
                Base, Defense, and Minor Theater Commands 

IX.   Functional Organization in the Middle East, Mediterranean (Formerly North African), and European Theaters  
                U.S. Army Forces in the Middle East
                Mediterranean (Formerly North African) Theater
                European Theater

X.    Functional Organization in the Asiatic-Pacific Theaters

The Three Pacific Areas
U.S. Army Forces in Central Pacific Area
U. S. Army Forces in South Pacific Area 
U. S. Army Forces in the Far East
U. S. Army Forces, Pacific 
U. S. Army Forces, China-Burma-India 

XI.    Laboratory Service and Research

                    Principles and Practices
                    Service Command Medical Department Laboratories in the Zone of Interior
                    Oversea Theater Veterinary Laboratory Service
                    Relation With Other Laboratories
                    Laboratory Research and Investigations 

XII.   Civil Affairs and Military Government

                    Development
                    Mediterranean Theater
                    European Theater 
                    Pacific Theaters

XIII.    Animal Procurement

Animal Procurement in the Zone of Interior
Remount Depot System
Oversea Theater Remount Operations 
Army Horse Breeding Plan

XIV.   Animal Care and Management

                    Station Veterinary Service With Animals
                    Animal Quarantine
                    Feeds and Feeding
                    Horseshoes and Shoeing 
                    Disposition of Animals

XV.   Transportation of Animals

                    Transportation by Ship
                    Transportation by Railroad
                    Transportation by Truck 
                    Transportation by Airplane 
                    Road March

XVI.   Evacuation and Hospitalization 

                    Veterinary Hospital System in the Zone of Interior
                    Animal Evacuation Plan
                    Oversea Deployment

XVII.   Army Dogs

                    Dog Procurement
                    Army Dog Care and Management
                    Oversea Deployment

XVIII.   Army Signal Pigeons

                    Signal Pigeon Procurement
                    Pigeon Care and Management
                    Oversea Deployment

XIX.     Animal Farms, Captured Animals, and Privately Owned Animals

                    Animal Farms
                    Captured Animals
                    Privately Owned Animals

XX.     Military Meat and Dairy Hygiene 

                    Classification of Veterinary Products and Establishment Inspections
                     Veterinary Food Procurement Inspections
                     Veterinary Food Surveillance Inspections
                     Food Protection and Conservation

Illustrations   
1.    Training potential meat and dairy hygienists
2.    Training veterinary enlisted men
3.    Students receiving instruction in canned food inspection
4.    Instructing Chinese, Field Artillery Training Center
5.    Classroom instruction, U.S. Army Training Center, K'un-ming, China
6.    Food testing kit for detecting chemical warfare agent contamination of foods
7.    Biological production, Army Veterinary School, Army Medical Center
8.    Operation of the veterinary lead line
9.    Quartermaster Corps horse ambulance, 1940
10.  Maj. T. C. Jones, VC, Registrar, Registry of Veterinary Pathology, Army Institute of Pathology
11.  Veterinary Food Laboratory, California Quartermaster Depot, Oakland, Calif.
12.  Testing laboratory at the Atlanta Army Service Forces Depot, 1945
13.  Shipside inspection of foods of animal origin in Zone of Interior ports
14.  Aerial view of Animal Remount Station, Camp Plauche, New Orleans, La.
15.  Conference of service command veterinarians held at Chicago, Ill., 18 March 1944
16.  Post stables, Fort Douglas, Utah
17.  Kennel areas in the Panama Canal Department
18.  Post veterinarian's building, Fort Pepperrell, Newfoundland
19.  Professional assistance provided to the Icelandic agricultural authorities and their veterinarians
20.  Headquarters building and row of box stalls at the 2605th Veterinary General Hospital, Mirandola, Italy
21.  Veterinary personnel inspecting milk supplies in Milan, Italy
22.  Veterinary officers in the United Kingdom
23.  Veterinary personnel inspecting ration reserve dumps in the European theater
24.  Military and civilian veterinarians attending the annual convention of veterinarians in Hawaii
25.  Veterinary dispensary and office of Army Garrison Force veterinarian, Tinian
26.  Col. Wayne O. Kester, VC, and Col. Ernest E. Hodgson, VC, comparing the keeping qualities of meat and dairy products
27.  The Army Veterinary Service supervising the production of cured and smoked hams in Australia
28.  Pasteurization of fresh fluid milk supply as required by the Army Veterinary Service, Australia
29.  Trier inspection of cured and smoked ham, Melbourne, Australia
30.  U.S. Navy personnel, under Veterinary Corps supervision, conducting inspections of sausages and other foods in Australia
31.  Slaughtering and packing poultry in Australia under Veterinary Corps supervision for supply to the Armed Forces in the SWPA
32.  Inspection of the canning of dried egg powder produced under reverse lend-lease agreement in Australia 
33.  Supervision of animal sick call in the training center for the Chinese military forces, Rāmgarh, India, 1944
34.  A Veterinary Corps officer hoof branding an anthrax-vaccinated Chinese Army animal
35.  Horseshoeing shop, Veterinary School, Infantry Training Center, K'un-ming, China
36.  Experimental surgery on laboratory animal
37.  Animal house, Ninth Service Command Medical Laboratory, Presidio of Monterey, Calif. 
38.  Animal house, stockroom, Ninth Service Command Medical Laboratory, Presidio of Monterey, Calif. 
39.  Animal house, Ninth Service Command Medical Laboratory, Fort Lewis, Wash.
40.  Guinea pig room, animal house, Ninth Service Command Medical Laboratory, Fort Lewis, Wash.
41.  Veterinary food analysis in the 1st Medical General Laboratory, Salisbury, England
42.   Laboratory building of the University of Reykjavik, Iceland, 1941
43.   Veterinary laboratory at the University^- of Reykjavik, Iceland, 1941 
44.   Ulcerous lesions of foot-and-mouth disease
45.   Cattle being artificially infected with suspension of the viral agent of foot-and­mouth disease
46.   Hog farm belonging to U.S. Navy-administered civil affairs/military government, Saipan
47.   Veterinary officers, U.S. Army Military Government, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
48.   Veterinary dispensary, Headquarters, Western Remount Breeding and Purchasing Area, Pomona, Calif.
49.   American mules, U.S. Army Remount Station, Grosseto, Italy
50.   The S.S. Virginian, converted animal transport used in World War II
51.   Loading mules by rope net at Naples, Italy, September 1944
52.   Training for amphibious landing
53.   Unloading of horses by Troop B, 252d Quartermaster Remount Squadron, Camp Polk, La.
54.   Unloading stock cars at Puente, Calif.
55.   Mule being processed for oversea shipment 
56.   Fifth U.S. Army truck at an animal ambulance loading point, Costel De Rio, Italy, 30 September 1944
57.   Fifth U.S. Army truck loaded with mules for transport into the frontlines, Scarperia, Italy, September 1944
58.   Experimental trials on airlifting a field artillery pack battalion, New Guinea, May 1943
59.   Loading animals from truck to airplane at the Sahmaw, Burma, airstrip
60.   U.S. Army airplanes with bamboo stall-like partitions
61.   Capt. L. T. Lacey, VC, supervising the unloading of wounded animals
62.   Veterinary Corps officers examining and treating sick and wounded animals, Fifth U.S. Army Remount Station 
63.   Ambulance loading point of the 2d Platoon, Company E (Veterinary), 13th Mountain Medical Battalion
64.   Animal ambulance, 2d Platoon, Company E (Veterinary), 13th Mountain Medical Battalion
65.   Veterinary officers with the 18th Veterinary Evacuation Hospital
66.   U.S. Army veterinary personnel training Chinese military personnel 
67.   Interior of the Front Royal, Va., dog center hospital
68.   Multiple-kennel unit, Front Royal, Va., dog center 
69.   Cleaning and disinfection of Army dog kennels, Front Royal, Va 
70.   Special shipping crates for dogs, stowed aboard ships
71.   A guard dog party, War Dog Detachment, China-Burma-India theater
72.   Pigeoneers cooperating with veterinary officers to maintain healthy birds
73.   Maintaining pigeon efficiency by the use of clean and good-quality pigeon feed
74.   Specially designed pigeon lofts in the Hawaiian Islands
75.   Lofts of the 279th Signal Pigeon Company, Hawaiian Islands
76.   Examination and treatment of Army pigeons, Signal Pigeon Center, Tidworth, England 
77.   Army hog farm in Levant Service Command 
78.   Army hog farm at Decamere, Eritrea
79.   Hogs at the Ledo, India, farm being treated for screw-worm infestation
80.   Army hog farm at Ledo, India
81.   Hospital patient working on the animal farm at Pawling Convalescent Center, N.Y.
82.   Diversified animal farm at Pawling Convalescent Center
83.   Army task force dairy herd, Christmas Island
84.   Examination of a captured animal
85.   Extensive second-degree burns on a captured German horse 
86.   Second-degree burns on a horse captured in the Po Valley
87.   Antirabies vaccination, Chatham Army Air Force Field
88.   Veterinary Corps officer conducting routine sanitary inspection of milk pasteurizing plant
89.   Veterinary Corps officers inspecting procurements of dehydrated vegetables
90.   Army Veterinary Service personnel inspecting subsistence supplies, European theater
91.   Inspecting vegetables and fruit at a U.S. general depot in England
92.   Veterinary inspection of the fresh milk supply in Iceland
93.   Supervision of the processing and temperatures of canned meats, Australia
94.   Preparation of frozen boneless beef for procurement by market centers
95.   Subsistence arriving overseas without adequate packing
96.   Aerial port of embarkation for perishable subsistence supply in India, March 1944
97.   Veterinary in-storage inspections of subsistence at an Army depot in the United Kingdom, 1944
98.   Quartermaster refrigerated storage point on Tinian, 1945
99.    Subsistence stacked on the ground, Ledo area, India
100.  Veterinary food salvage operations at quartermaster depot in the European theater
101.  Training and equipping Veterinary Corps personnel to handle subsistence contaminated by chemical warfare agents
102.  Veterinary food-security supervisors on duty in commercial food establishment in the Hawaiian Islands

Maps

1.   Quartermaster Remount Purchasing and Breeding Areas, Army Service Forces, May 1942.
2.   Service Commands, August 1942.
3.   Base sections and bases in Australia, as of June 1942, and New Guinea bases, as of August 1944.
4.   Army bases in the Philippine Islands, 1945.
5.   India-Burma theater, showing principal locations of operations of the Army Veterinary Service.
6.   Veterinary units in the China theater, as of 1945.
7.   Laboratory locations in the Zone of Interior.
8.   Laboratory locations in Europe.
9.   Laboratory locations in the Pacific.
10.  Occupied areas of Germany and Austria.

Charts

1.  Functional organization of the Chicago Quartermaster Depot, Chicago, Ill., 17 August 1945.
2.  Functional organization of the office of the service command surgeon, winter 1943-44.
3.  Typical organization of a service command laboratory, showing veterinary service.
4.  Functional organization of the army-type or communications zone medical laboratory.
5.  Functional organization of a medical general laboratory.
6.  Organization of Allied Commission and Allied Military Government, Italy, October 1943 to September 1945.
7.  Distribution of veterinary civil affairs/military government officers in occupied Germany, October 1945.
8.  Veterinary Corps officers assigned to civil affairs/military government in the European theater, 1943-48.

1.   Promotion of Veterinary Corps, Regular Army, officers, as described by law, 1916-40.
2.   Veterinary personnel enrolled in training courses and schools in World War I.
3.   Veterinary service to horses and mules in the U.S. Army, 1941-46.
4.   Veterinary service to U.S. Army horses and mules, by disease and external cause (or injury), 1941-45.
5.   Inspections of foods of animal origin, procured, handled, and issued by the U.S. Army Veterinary Service, 1941-46.
6.   Rejections of foods of animal origin before and following U.S. Army procurement, 1941-46. 
7.   Personnel on duty in the Veterinary Division, Surgeon General's Office, 1939-46. 
8.   Composition of the Veterinary Corps, according to component, 1939-46. 
9.   Veterinary Corps, Regular Army, 1939-46. 
10. Veterinary Corps, National Guard, 1939-44. 
11. Officers ordered to active duty in the Veterinary Corps, by component, 1939-45.
12. Representative programs for veterinary officers' Meat and Dairy Hygiene Course, Chicago Quartermaster Depot, Chicago, III. 
13. Programs for the Course for Veterinary Technicians, 1943-45. 
14. Programs for the Course for Meat and Dairy Hygienists, Chicago Quartermaster Depot, Chicago, Ill. 
15. Weight, size, and price data of veterinary small unit assemblies. 
16. Weight, size, and price data of Medical Department unit assemblages for veterinary units. 
17. Inspection of meat and dairy products by the Army Veterinary Service with Quartermaster and Army Service Forces depots, 1940-45. 
18. Assigned veterinary personnel, field artillery battalions. 
19. Veterinary inspections of food in the Mediterranean theater, 1944. 
20. Sick and wounded U.S. Army horses and mules, European theater, 1944-45.
21. Distribution of veterinary personnel, Hawaiian Department, December 1942.
22. Newly activated veterinary food inspection detachments, SWPA, October 1944.
23. Deployment of veterinary food inspection detachments, New Guinea bases, Southwest Pacific Area, 1943-45.
24. Food samples received and determinations made, Veterinary Section, Second Service Command Medical Laboratory, 1941-45.  
25. Food samples and animal specimens received, Veterinary Service, Fourth Service Command Medical Laboratory, 1941-45. 
26. Tests conducted on food samples and animal specimens, Veterinary Section, Fifth Service Command Medical Laboratory, 1942-45.
27. Water and food samples received by Veterinary Section, Sixth Service Command Medical Laboratory, 1942-45. 
28. Food samples received and determinations made, Seventh Service Command Medical Laboratory, 1942-45.
29. Food analyses conducted by Veterinary Section, Eighth Service Command Medical Laboratory, 1942-45.
30. Clinicodiagnostic laboratory procedures, Veterinary Section, Eighth Service Command Medical Laboratory, 1943-45. 
31. Analyses and examinations of food and water, Veterinary Section, Ninth Service Command Medical Laboratory, Presidio of Monterey, Calif., 1942-43.
32. Tables of organization for assigned veterinary personnel, 1940-45.
33. Tables of organization for veterinary personnel, medical laboratories, compared to total personnel strength.
34. Examinations conducted by the Veterinary Section, 1st Medical General Laboratory, 1943-45. 
35. Examinations conducted by the Veterinary Section, 5th Medical Laboratory, 1943-45. 
36. Numbers of German livestock, 1938, 1945, and 1946.
37. Veterinary physical examinations conducted on mules and horses procured for the Army in the Zone of Interior, 1940-45.
38. Sick and wounded animals of the Fort Reno, Okla., and Fort Robinson, Nebr., Remount Depots, 1939-45.
39. Period of stay of veterinary animal service units in support of quartermaster remount depots in the China-Burma-India theater.
40. Breeding-foaling results among remount depot brood mare bands, 1940-45.
41. Mean strength for Army horses and mules in the U.S. Army, 1940-45.  
42.  Procurement inspection of animal feeds and forage procured by the U.S. Army, 1940-45. 
43.  Movements and losses of horses and mules on animal transports accompanied by the U.S. Army Veterinary Service.
44.  Veterinary hospitals and dispensaries with animal patient capacities for 10 or more animals, mid-1940. 
45.  Veterinary hospitals and dispensaries newly established in the construction programs, 1941-42. 
46.  Veterinary construction plans, 1941. 
47.  Veterinary evacuation and hospital units organized and deployed in World War II.
48.  Personnel space authorizations for veterinary evacuation and hospital units. 
49.  Historical record of veterinary evacuation and hospital units activated in World War II.
50.  Sick and wounded animals of the Fifth U.S. Army, Mediterranean theater, 1943-45. 
51.  Sick and wounded animals admitted into the Italian 213th Veterinary General Hospital, Italian Veterinary General Hospital, and Italian 1st Veterinary General Hospital, 1944-45. 
52.  Sick and wounded animals of the Allied Chinese armies treated in the China­Burma-India and India-Burma theaters.
53.  Deployment of veterinary animal service detachments with the Allied Chinese military forces in the China theater.
54.  Sick and wounded animals of the Allied Chinese Army in China treated in the China theater. 
55.  Sick and wounded animals of tactical units, South Pacific Area.
56.  Sick and wounded animals of the 61st, 63d, and 68th Quartermaster Pack Troops and the 98th and 167th Field Artillery Battalions.
57.  Location of Army dog centers, Zone of Interior, 1942-45.
58.  Sick and wounded animals cared for by the 2604th Veterinary Station Hospital and the 2605th Veterinary General Hospital, May 1945.